Developing an Evaluation Plan

Student handwriting on a notebook while using a digital tablet.

When developing an evaluation plan, it is essential to begin with the end goal of the course in mind. What must students know or be able to do by the end of the course? This approach is called Backward Design, and it ensures that assessments align with intended learning outcomes. This means using the CLOs to identify the knowledge and skills students will demonstrate by the conclusion of the course.


In This Section


Backwards Design Framework

Backward Design helps to ensure that learning activities and content are purposefully selected to support and prepare students for assessment. This approach sets students up for success and mitigates concerns about “busy work” or unclear connections between assessments and course content.

The following video [2:33] provides a brief introduction to Backwards Design.

We can think of the flow of our course design as follows

Workflow of backwards design with green arrows illustrating flow.
Process of Backwards design. Start with the learning outcomes, then design assessments. Following this, create learning activities, and end with the content creation.

 

Begin course design with the end in mind: first, review the CLOs and determine the assessments that appropriately measure each learning outcomes. Next, build learning activities that prepare students for those assessments. Finally, identify and develop the content which will support those learning activities.

Tip

Generative AI can also be a useful tool in course development, whether you are designing your course content or creating assessments. It can also be integrated into assessments themselves. To learn more about GenAI and explore some examples of its use in assessments, visit the GenAI page of the CTL website.

Backwards Design for Evaluations

To develop a backward design evaluation plan, ask the following questions:

Key Questions

  1. What must students be able to demonstrate by the end of the course?
  2. How can the CLOs be demonstrated and assessed in an authentic, relevant, and meaningful way?
  3. What formative assessments and activities can be planned to build to the summative assessments?
  4. What needs to be taught and explored to get there?
  5. What educational technology (EdTech) tools can be used to effectively support meaningful learning?
  6. How can UDL principles be incorporated into assessment design?

Tip

Ensure assessments are authentic and aligned with the course and program objectives. Authentic assessments:

  1. Mirror realistic tasks and reflect real-world relevance or expectations,
  2. Present cognitive challenges that expand cognitive function, critical thinking, and broaden perspectives,
  3. Connect students to material in a meaningful and novel way, and
  4. Support long-term retention of essential knowledge and skills.

Degree vs Non-Degree Level Assessment Wise Practices

If teaching in a degree program, there are a few additional considerations when developing assessments. Since degree-level CLOs generally align with higher levels of Bloom’s taxonomy, the assessment strategy, questions, and tasks should reflect the complexity of the CLOs and cognitive level being assessed. Visit this website for sample assessment questions and practice activities aligned with each level of Bloom’s taxonomy.

Additionally, assessments must also align with the Degree Level Standards outlined in the OQF that are aligned with the CLO. Generally, degree-level assessments evaluate a deeper level of knowledge and may require demonstration of learning across different contexts. In practice, higher-level assessments not only evaluate knowledge of content in terms of breadth, depth, and complexity, but also assess how effectively students synthesize, integrate, and communicate that knowledge. This is often reflected in higher expectations for written and oral communication, referencing sources properly, and the level of detail and design in reports.

Important

Smaller assessments, such as quizzes and in-process marks, have a limited and specific role in degree-level learning. They should primarily be used to check for understanding rather than as formal assessment structures.

Authentic Assessments will naturally help align your assessment to the CLOs and OQF.

Evaluation Plan

Once the appropriate assessments for the course are determined, the evaluation plan can be developed or updated in your course outline.

Considerations (ACAD-135 Policy)

  • No single assessment can be worth more than 30% without the prior authorization of the Associate or Executive Dean or as dictated by accreditation or licensing requirements. If it is a scaffolded assignment worth over 30% total, enter the pieces as unique assessments.
  • Every CLO must be assessed and evaluated twice, ideally through different types of assessment.
  • Authentic assessments should be used wherever possible to encourage impactful and durable learning.

Process for Updating Evaluation Plan in Coursedog

1

Choose the appropriate evaluation type based on the Coursedog Evaluation Categories (see below for assessment descriptions).

2

Include the assessment weight (%) as a whole number. Note: there should not be decimal places in the evaluation plan.

3

Indicate which week(s) the assessment is due.

4

Provide a brief description of the assessment.

5

For each assessment, add aligned CLOs and EESs.

6

If you have a scaffolded assignment, indicate the due dates for each component, assign separate weightings, and label each part clearly in the title (e.g., Case Study Analysis – Part 1: Literature review – 10%; Case Study Analysis – Part 2: Framework – 5%; Case Study Analysis – Part 3: Final report – 15%).

1.

Choose the appropriate evaluation type based on the Coursedog Evaluation Categories (see below for assessment descriptions).

2.

Include the assessment weight (%) as a whole number. Note: there should not be decimal places in the evaluation plan.

3.

Indicate which week(s) the assessment is due.

4.

Provide a brief description of the assessment.

5.

For each assessment, add aligned CLOs and EESs.

6.

If you have a scaffolded assignment, indicate the due dates for each component, assign separate weightings, and label each part clearly in the title (e.g., Case Study Analysis – Part 1: Literature review – 10%; Case Study Analysis – Part 2: Framework – 5%; Case Study Analysis – Part 3: Final report – 15%).

Important

The weighting of the assessment should be reflective of the work required from the student. Good alignment can support academic integrity and help students perform better when they feel the expected work is reflective of the grade weighting.

Note

When setting due dates and times, consider students’ needs, obligations, and level of understanding. For example, cultural or religious observations may affect a student’s ability to submit assessments on specific days. Select submission times that are easily understood, such as 11:59 p.m., and avoid scheduling deadlines during statutory holidays, religious celebrations, and school breaks. To help support scheduling, the University of Guelph has an excellent Religious Holiday Calendar.

Coursedog Assessment Descriptions

Follow the Evaluation Category descriptions below to help identify appropriate assessments and recommended weightings to build the Evaluation Plan.

Note

Don’t forget that each assessment should include a rubric. Rubrics should be distributed and reviewed with students at the same time as the assessment is introduced.

References

Bowen, Ryan S., (2017). Understanding by Design. Vanderbilt University Center for Teaching. Retrieved from https://cft.vanderbilt.edu/understanding-by-design/. 

Content on this page adopted and modified Open Educational Resources (OER) under a Creative Commons - Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 (CC BY-NC 4.0) from BC Campus (2019). Facilitating Learning Online - Fundamentals 2019 OER. Retrieved from https://scope.bccampus.ca/course/view.php?id=477.

Content on this page adopted and modified Open Educational Resources (OER) under a Creative Commons - Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 (CC BY-NC 4.0) from Lethbridge College (n.d.). Facilitating Learning Open Course. Retrieved from https://lc-educationaldevelopment.com/public-open-courses. 

Content on this page adopted and modified Open Educational Resources (OER) under a Creative Commons - Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 (CC BY-NC 4.0) from University of Calgary (n.d.). Lesson 6: Structuring Course Content. Retrieved from https://taylorinstitute.ucalgary.ca/resources/module/developing-online-courses/example-course-structures. 

Darby, F., & Lang, J. M. (2019). Small teaching online: Applying learning science in online classes. Jossey-Bass. 

Kolomitro, K., & Gee, K. (2015). Developing effective learning outcomes: A practical guide.https://www.queensu.ca/ctl/teaching-support/learning-outcomes. 

Nilson, L. B. & Goodson, L. A. (2018). Online teaching at its best. Jossey-Bass. 

Zeni, P., Opperwall, D., Stodola, J., Logue, A. & Mcnab, E. (2022). High quality online courses: How to improve course design & delivery for your post-secondary learners. eCampusOntario.https://ecampusontario.pressbooks.pub/hqoc/.